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参考资料：
U.S. Armored Cruisers: A Design and Operational History, Ivan Musicant
U.S. Cruisers: An Illustrated Design History, Norman Friedman
Hisorical Review of Cruiser Characteristics, Roles and Missions, Naval Sea Systems Command
U.S. Battleships: An Illustrated Design History, Norman Friedman
US Cruisers 1883-1904: The Birth of the Steel Navy, Lawrence Burr
Naval Weapons of World War One: Guns, Torpedoes, Mines and ASW Weapons of All Nations An Illustrated Directory, Norman Friedman
Conway's All The World's Fighting Ships 1860-1905, Robert Gardiner; Roger Chesnau; Eugene M Kolesnik
French Armoured Cruisers 1887-1932, John Jordan; Philippe Caresse